Grasses and Straws: Energy Crops

fuelsc6.xls

Fuel	Miscanthus		Sorghastrum		Miscanthus		Arundo		Straws		Sugar Cane
Type	Silberfeder		Avenaceum		Sinensis Gracillimus		Arundo Bonax		Alfalfa Stems		Bagasse-screened
	As Rec'd	Dry	As Rec'd	Dry	As Rec'd	Dry	As Rec'd	Dry	As Rec'd	Dry	As Rec'd	Dry
Proximate Analysis
Fixed Carbon	10.73	12.55	12.57	14.18	14.27	16.30	9.50	16.38	14.34	15.81	11.56	12.89
Volatile Matter	72.12	84.40	72.42	81.67	70.28	80.34	46.50	80.19	71.59	78.92	76.64	85.43
Ash	2.61	3.05	3.68	4.15	2.94	3.36	1.99	3.43	4.78	5.27	1.51	1.68
Moisture	14.54	--	11.33	--	12.51	--	42.01	--	9.29	--	10.29	--
TOTAL	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Ultimate Analysis
Carbon	40.41	47.29	41.94	47.30	41.70	47.66	27.29	47.06	42.79	47.17	43.96	49
Hydrogen	4.92	5.75	5.33	6.01	5.03	5.75	3.39	5.84	5.44	5.99	5.27	5.87
Oxygen	37.19	43.52	37.40	42.18	37.39	42.73	24.9	42.95	35.09	38.69	38.83	43.29
Nitrogen	0.28	0.33	0.28	0.32	0.39	0.45	0.35	0.6	2.43	2.68	0.09	0.1
Sulfur	0.05	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.07	0.12	0.18	0.2	0.05	0.06
Ash	2.61	3.05	3.68	4.15	2.94	3.36	1.99	3.43	4.78	5.27	1.51	1.68
Moisture	14.54	--	11.33	--	12.51	--	42.01	--	9.29	--	10.29	--
TOTAL	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
HHV, Btu/lb	6,879	8,050	7,131	8,042	7,131	8,150	4,700	8,104	7,280	8,025	7,382	8,229
Chlorine %	0.05	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.07	0.08	0.12	0.20	0.45	0.50	0.02	0.02
Water Soluble Alkalis %
Na2O	0.003	0.003	0.005	0.005	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.003	0.109	0.120
K2O	0.288	0.337	0.295	0.332	0.545	0.623	0.649	1.118	1.050	1.158
CaO
Elemental Composition
SiO2		61.84		71.05		56.07		44.21		5.79		46.88
Al2O3		0.98		1.78		0.78		0.80		0.07		11.40
TiO2		0.05		0.02		0.02		0.10		0.02		1.39
Fe2O3		1.35		0.92		0.93		0.86		0.30		7.98
CaO		9.61		6.81		13.62		2.78		18.32		5.35
MgO		2.46		2.14		1.07		3.07		10.38		5.81
Na2O		0.33		0.24		0.27		0.49		1.10		2.45
K2O		11.60		8.70		18.70		30.00		28.10		9.81
SO3		2.63		1.08		1.70		4.82		1.93		5.08
P2O5		4.20		4.30		6.24		6.16		7.64		5.04
CO2/other										14.8
Undetermined		4.95		2.96		0.60		6.71		11.55		-1.19
TOTAL		100.00		100.00		100.00		100.00		100.00		100.00
Alkali, Lb/MMBtu		0.45		0.46		0.78		1.29		1.92		0.25

Last Updated: 2/27/96

Analyst/Contact: Tom Miles, Jr.
T. R. Miles, Consulting Design Engineer, Portland, Oregon U.S.A.